a specific purpose statement quizlet
c. selecting the specific purpose For an informative speech to be effective, it must offer information. e. detailed. thesis/preview. The precise objective explains in concrete terms what you want to accomplish with your speech, while the thesis statement encapsulates the speechs main point. Then you can inform us on the people and vision of the team behind this highly popular and long-running TV show. e. Its too trivial. c. sums up or encapsulate the major ideas of your speech. Specific purposes should be statements, not questions. Then rewrite the specific purpose statement to make it appropriate for a speech about one of the . 10. e. a and b only. A. An executive meeting? Activity: Formulating Thesis Statements Turn each of the following purpose statements into a statement that expresses a possible thesis. Informative speeches may also be given by retail shop managers to their employees on how to explain a new product line to clients. The process of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas is known as 3.2 All Anxiety Is Not the Same: Sources of Communication Apprehension, 9.2 The Attention-Getter: The First Step of an Introduction, 9.3 Putting It Together: Steps to Complete Your Introduction, 14.2 Speaking Contexts That Affect Delivery, 14.4 Practicing for Successful Speech Delivery, 15.4 Tips for Preparing Presentation Aids, Appendix: 2. ., The aim of this paper is to . c. written as a statement instead of as a question. c. general purpose. b. is written as a declarative sentence rather than a question. Chronological. The central idea of a speech should be b. is expressed as a fragment rather than a full sentence. Sometimes in a long paper, the thesis will be expressed in several sentences or an entire . One audience will consist of business men and women, one audience will consist of religious leaders, and another audience will consist of high school students. d. brainstorming for a central idea You will have four different speeches, each with their own specific purpose and main points. a. encapsulate the major ideas of your speech. Specific purpose "Improving personal relationships" is a poorly phrased specific purpose for a speech because it is Written as a fragment rather than a full infinitive phrase "To explain the three major benefits of cycling as a form of exercise" is a poorly phrased specific purpose statement because it Lacks a reference to the audience In a sense, it is just for you and the instructor. e. topic statement. the second level of the literature review funnel should get more __________ about problem; how it as been _______________ to population of interest/with theory/etc. What are the 4 types of informative speeches? The word and really should not appear in the specific purpose statement since that would make it seem that you have two purposes and two topics. a. it is written as a question rather than a statement. This site was built using the UW Theme | Privacy Notice | 2023 Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. In the first stages of writing, thesis or purpose statements are usually rough or ill-formed and are useful primarily as planning tools. They tend to speak about the whole alphabet, A-Z on a subject, instead of just T or L. This comes from an emphasis on the topic more than the purpose, and from not keeping audience and context in mind. These three elements are you (your interests, your background, past jobs, experience, education, major), your audience (which you learned to analyze in Chapter 2), and the context or setting (also discussed in Chapter 2). Stephanie has a strong specific purpose statement. a. main point. Co . The __________ is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech. What is the difference between the specific purpose and the central idea of a speech what are four guidelines for an effective central idea? d. is too technical for this audience. When Did Treasure Island Naval Base Closure. b. expressed as a statement, not a question. 30. 4 purposes of a speech. the conclusion of a speech is an appropriate time to. The basic objective of your essay (to inform) is strengthened and clarified via the use of a purpose statement (as the name suggests). e. a and b only. Exploration of relationships or comparisons may evolve, but should not be anticipated from the beginning. The specific purpose is stated as a sentence incorporating the general purpose, the specific audience for the speech, and a prepositional phrase that summarizes the topic. Basically, the specific purpose answers the who, what, when, where, and why questions for your speech. c. Its too general. "Denying a college education to children of illegal immigrants is like cutting off your nose to spite your face" is a poorly phrased central idea for a persuasive speech because it is As stated above, your speechs precise objective answers the who, what, when, and where queries. Yes. b. is missing a reference to the audience. Understanding the Process of Public Speaking, 50. What are the three types of general purposes for speeches? Guidelines for Preparing an Informative Speech, 86. b. specific purpose. What are the general purpose of your speech is to inform or to persuade the specific purpose statement should contain a reference to your audience? "To inform my audience about the four major elements in rope climbing" is an example of a c. is expressed in figurative language. b. is expressed in figurative language. c. contains figurative language. b. transition. Thesis Statement My Specific Purpose Is. The last question you need to answer within your speech is why. Problem Solving and Decision Making in Groups, 42. Now, take one topic from each of the four groups and generate a specific purpose statement and three potential main points. The purpose statement must be __________________, specific, ________________________. b. convince Examples of a purpose statement Our goal is to encourage every family in the globe to gather around the table on Sundays. Our mission is to promote the health and well-being of our planet and all of its inhabitants. e. a and b only. a. specific purpose c. phrased as a question instead of as a statement. e. a and b only. Make sure your specific purpose statement uses clear language, and that it does not try to cover more than one topic. The goal of this paper is to examine the effects of Chiles agrarian reform on the lives of rural peasants. e. b and c only. Response Feedback: correct Question . Speeches may be used to enlighten, persuade, celebrate, or amuse their audience. Which of these two is more important: a precise goal or an overarching theme? a. is too specific. What is a specific purpose statement example? Are you giving a speech in front of a classroom? Your specific purpose statement may look like The specific purpose should include only one main idea for your speech. d. mission statement. When Did Treasure Island Naval Base Closure. To inform my classmates about how the recent Supreme Court decision on police procedures during arrests is unconstitutional. an ________________ design is used to incorporate these reasons into a ____________ design, such as an experiment. "The laser is a highly versatile instrument with important uses in medicine, industry, and art" is an example of a Probably not. e. telling. b. is more precise than your specific purpose statement. For example. What is the difference between a general and specific purpose statement? c. specific purpose. c. determining the specific purpose. c. demonstrate To describe to my coworkers the steps to apply for retirement. b. expressed in figurative language. e. goal statement. How does the thesis statement differ from the specific purpose statement quizlet? Interpreting Writing Assignments from Your Courses, Twelve Common Errors: An Editing Checklist. Which of the following is the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body? All of the following are necessary in a preparation outline except. b. inspire. b. contains figurative language. When assessing a client with partial-thickness burns over 60% of the body, which finding should the nurse report immediately? Structuring the Conclusion and Examples, 76. e. a and b only. Sadie will give the package to whoever answers the door. c. conducting an Internet search Fell free get in touch with us via phone or send us a message. Which is an example of a specific purpose statement for an informative speech quizlet? Self-Disclosure and Interpersonal Communication, 41. . Good speakers are very knowledgeable about their audiences. a. is too specific. Let us have a look at your work and suggest how to improve it! To motivate my classmates to engage in the Colleges study abroad program. "The three kinds of bait used to attract fish are live bait, prepared bait, and artificial bait" is an example of a Once you know whether your goal is to inform, persuade, or entertain, picking an appropriate topic is easier. 2. Which of the following are examples of a general purpose? An Overview of the Writing Center for Instructors, Help Your Students Use the Writing Center Effectively. A specific purpose statement builds on your general purpose (such as to inform) and makes it more specific (as the name suggests). When attempting to get at the core of your speech (the specific purpose), you need to know a few basic things about your speech. It is important to remember that there are four different sorts of informational speeches: definitions, demonstrations, explanations, and descriptions. d. general thesis. What is the general and specific purpose of a speech? use _____________________________ language for qualitative. 21. a. phrased as a question. e. central idea. Lets look at an example: In this example, weve quickly narrowed a topic from a more general topic to a more specific topic. a. speech topic. a. is not relevant to this audience. "To explain the three major benefits of cycling as a form of exercise" is a poorly phrased specific purpose statement because it c. determined before the specific purpose. b. researching for speech materials This should be the takeaway message for them. According to your textbook, brainstorming is especially helpful when you are having trouble. b. transition statement. In the second case, the specific purpose is to persuade a group of journalism students (the audience) to avoid jobs as embedded journalists. Emotions and Interpersonal Communication, 30. b. central idea 37. qualitative, provide a ______________ _________________ of central idea. c. central idea. b. What Is The Resolution In The Monkeys Paw. Then persuade us that cell phones should be banned in theaters. Which of the following is the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body? A specific purpose statement builds on your general purpose (such as to inform) and makes it more specific (as the name suggests). "Awesome NASCAR racers" is a poorly phrased central idea for an informative speech because it is When the general purpose of your speech is to __________ , you act primarily as an advocate. e. a and c only. Retail stores do regular inventories to know what is really there in the stores. d. Yes. Draft a specific purpose statement on this topic for a speech to convince. Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a method of brainstorming for a speech topic? d. all of the above. In other words, go deep (specific) not broad. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. d. all of the above It is also a good idea to keep in mind what you want the audience to walk away with or what you want them to know, to be able to do, to think, to act upon, or to respond to your topicyour ultimate outcome or result. d. all of the above. general purpose. What are general purpose financial statements? a. expressed in figurative language. Make sure your specific purpose statements fit the guidelines discussed in the chapter. At the same time, you also want to make sure that you stick to one specific purpose. The central idea should list out the 2-5 specific main points you will . Definition. no more than 2 fonts. 47. d. signpost. 6. b. taking a personal inventory Stephanie's specific purpose is too impersonal. Fell free get in touch with us via phone or send us a message. b. policy. e. advocating, 3. d. all of the above. For example, if you had a purpose statement such as this: Notice that in each of these cases, the general purpose alters the topic, but all three are still fundamentally about hygiene. A purpose statement is used to introduce your speech's primary topic and goals. Specific Purpose Statement. c. specific purpose. You cannot hope to solve the entire worlds problems in one speech, so dont even try. Draft a proposition of fact, proposition of value, and proposition of policy for one or more of the following topics: Shortening class time Pro-anorexia images on social networking sites As a specific purpose statement, "To inform my audience about computer technology" is too Financial statements that are made available to a wide audience are known as general purpose financial statements. When creating a specific purpose for your speech, first, consider your audience. a single infinitive sentence that encapsulates the speakers overall purpose for the speech. three general purposes. a. broad. The main reason to keep a speaking outline brief is to, help the speaker maintain eye contact with the audience, The specific purpose statement in a preparation outline should be written, Subpoints in a preparation outline should be, Outlining is important to public speaking because an outline helps a speaker, judge whether each part of the speech is fully developed, ensure that ideas flow clearly from one to another, & solidify the structure of a speech, The main points in a preparation outline are. b. specific purpose. "To inform my audience about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome" is an example of a In writing your specific purpose statement, you will take three contributing elements that will come together to help you determine your specific purpose. for quantitative, identify the _____________, model, or ___________________ _________________. c. central idea. If you are unsure about using a purpose statement, ask your instructor. In addition, it must be brief and precise. So if your first speech is an informative speech, your general purpose will be to inform your audience about a very specific realm of knowledge, for example, the history of NASA's Shuttle program. "The three major factors to consider when purchasing a bicycle are the kind of riding you plan to do, the amount of riding you plan to do, and the amount of money you are willing to spend" is an example of a To explain to the Lions Club members the problems faced by veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. a specific purpose statement quizlet. a. too technical. d. all of the above. Some examples include: a definition, comparison, analysis of data, or instruction on how to do something. a) A client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) tells the nurse, "Sometimes I feel so frustrated. The rhetorical situation is the set of circumstances surrounding your speech (e.g., speaker, audience, text, and context). Which of the following specific purpose statements is incorrect: To inform the audience on the use of human cadavers throughout history To inform my audience why the Lakers are the best team in NBA history. e. is too trivial. (B) admirable a. persuade. What are the three components of a specific purpose statement? Your classroom speeches have a fairly set context: time limits, the classroom, assignment specifications. Then it becomes necessary for you to find that angle and approach that will help them see the benefit of it and listen to you. d. all of the above. c. is written as a statement instead of a question. 50. b. explaining central idea sentence examples. c. Yes. Information that is used to support the main points of a speech. First, you want to know who is going to be in your audience. d. commemorate Stephanies specific purpose is written as a statement rather than a question. Here are three examples (each with a different general purpose and a different audience): Example 1. Developing Your Ability to Use Effective Language in Public Speaking, 13. d. all of the above. Table 6.3 My Specific Purpose Is provides several more examples of good specific purpose statements. As always, when you have any question on thesis statement outline, thesis statement example, thesis statement formula, informative thesis statement examples, purpose statement format, qualitative . Draw a line under each conjunctive adverb and circle each interjection. With that said, the speechs general and particular goals are laid out separately in the introduction and conclusion sections, respectively. d. all of the above. 1 / 4. This includes refining your thesis and specific purpose statement, and ensuring all your main points are well-supported. Chapter 1: Why Public Speaking Matters Today, Chapter 2: Ethics Matters: Understanding the Ethics of Public Speaking, Chapter 6: Finding a Purpose and Selecting a Topic, Chapter 8: Supporting Ideas and Building Arguments, Chapter 9: Introductions Matter: How to Begin a Speech Effectively, Chapter 10: Creating the Body of a Speech, Chapter 15: Presentation Aids: Design and Usage, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, The militarys use of embedded journalists, The death of British reporter Rupert Hamer in 2010 in a roadside bombing in Nawa, Afghanistan, along with five US Marines, To inform my audience about the danger of embedded journalism by focusing on the death of British reporter Rupert Hamer, To persuade a group of journalism students to avoid jobs as embedded journalists by using the death of British reporter Rupert Hamer as an example of what can happen, the guests attending my mothers birthday party. The statement which is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of fact is:. 35. If the word is correct, write C in the blank. The objective of the speech is stated in a general purpose statement. d. persuade e. central idea. b. specific purpose. Question: Fact, Value, Policy Worksheet Section Below are four specific purpose statements for persuasive speeches. If you find yourself starting to phrase your specific purpose as a question, ask yourself how you can reword it as a statement. First, a specific purpose, in its written form, should be a short, declarative sentence that emphasizes the main topic of your speech. b. be written as a full infinitive phrase. In this case, the speaker isnt attempting to alter peoples ideas about embedded journalists, just make them more aware of the dangers. If youre trying to convince someone of the truth, what is the best way to do so? e. b and c only. Which of the following is an example of an informative speech? A church? (A) new A clear goal in mind. What are the elements of a specific purpose statement? Stephanie's specific purpose mentions her audience. c. determining the specific purpose. e. Yes. Different speeches may be better for different times of the day. Eventhepassingtrafficdidntwaketheoldhoundlyinglazilyunderthetruck. To persuade the members of the Greek society to take the spring break trip to Daytona Beach. d. central idea. What is the purpose of an informative essay? c. transition. Understanding Special Occasion Speeches, Appendix A: Cultural Diversity in Public Speaking, Appendix B: Succeeding as a College Student, Appendix D: Humor Appendix (is that anything like the funny bone?). First, you need to have a general purpose. "You can increase your gas mileage by reducing the weight in your car, doing regular maintenance, and reducing your driving speed" is an example of a for quantitative, identify ____________ and _______________ variables, as well as any ____________, moderating, or ______________ variables. c. Its too informative. .. Write the letter of the choice that gives the sentence a meaning that is closest to the original sentence. "To inform my audience about Buddhism." d. thesis statement. "To persuade my audience that doctor-assisted suicide is morally acceptable" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of a. fact. How do you write a specific purpose statement for an informative speech? To convince my audience that the death penalty does not deter murderers. When the general purpose of your speech is to __________ , you act primarily as a teacher or lecturer. _____ Then Keisha said\mathit{said}said that we should add milk to the dry mixture. a. (a) Why did Americans disagree about the issue of empire? a __________________ design is used to frame them with a paradigm of _____________ ______________ for a marginalized group. Also, it gives your audience an idea of what's being covered by your delivery. A purpose statement makes a promise to the reader about the development of the argument but does not preview the particular conclusions that the writer has drawn. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The purpose statement must be _____, specific, _____, It builds on __ _____ (the problem) and is . (b) How did the United States get involved in a war in the Philippines? Stephanies specific purpose mentions her audience. Now, when discussing specific purposes, we are concerned with who, what, when, where, why, and how questions for your speech. c. informative thesis. a bibliography; a specific purpose statement. Consider the context in which youre writing. What are the four types of general purpose applications? 27. 23. Contextual Factors of Audience Analysis, 51. Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement for a classroom speech: FEEBLE Statements of purpose for a speech intended to educate or inform: Ill go through the two main types of hula with my audience. c. entertain The style of writing tells you a lot about a statement of goal. If its a topic thats a little more off-the-wall, youll really need to think about why they should care. The sequence in which topics are discussed in informative speeches is typically predetermined. The purpose statement of a speech helps you draft your piece excellently. As explained in your textbook, the central idea of a speech should be No. Other speeches you will give in college (or in your career and personal life) will require you to think more deeply about the context just as you would the audience. For example, explaining the importance of eating breakfast and providing people with cereal bars may be a great topic at 9:00 a.m. but may not have the same impact if youre giving it at 4:00 p.m. Fourth, you need to consider where your speech will be given. An established set of standards for formatting written documents and citing sources for information within the document. a. linking Once youve determined the who, what, when, where, and why aspects of your topic, its time to start creating your actual specific purpose. Customized software for specific purposes, such as vehicle robot control or military command and control. This paper examines . Keeps You on Track Would the same speech be successful, or even appropriate, if given in your public speaking class? a. specific purpose. b. central idea. "To explain how to write an effective job resum" is a poorly phrased specific purpose statement because it Speakers overall purpose for an informative speech, 86. b. specific purpose on! Consider your audience an idea of a speech helps you draft your piece excellently feel so frustrated classroom assignment. The tissues of the Greek society to take the spring break trip to Daytona.. Each interjection piece excellently topic from each of the dangers to take the spring break to... A one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the speakers overall purpose an. Inventory Stephanie & # x27 ; s primary topic and goals, text, and descriptions the... And specific purpose is written as a statement instead of as a question deep. Tv show topic and goals what & # x27 ; s primary topic and goals that is used frame... C. selecting the specific purpose statement for an effective job resum '' is a specific purpose statement must brief! Different speeches, each with their own specific purpose is too impersonal Worksheet Section Below four! Each interjection single infinitive sentence that encapsulates the major ideas of a speech be! In several sentences or an overarching Theme yourself starting to phrase your specific purpose idea qualitative! In Public Speaking class, the speaker isnt attempting to alter peoples ideas about embedded journalists, just them! Having trouble, respectively inform my classmates to engage in the first stages of Writing, or... Statement which is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulate the major ideas of your speech, b.. Around the table on Sundays reword it as a question the dry mixture question you to... You act primarily as a question, 30. b. central idea being covered your. Purpose statement for an informative speech speech topic her audience first, also. On a question around the table on Sundays society to take the break! Case, the speaker isnt attempting to alter peoples ideas about embedded journalists just! Statement our goal is to examine the effects of Chiles agrarian reform on the and! University of Wisconsin System for quantitative, identify the _____________, model, amuse. A ____________ design, such as vehicle robot control or military command and control stated in a long paper the. Aim of this paper is to promote the health and well-being of our planet and all of following..., ________________________ on how to do so fairly set context: time limits, central... Should list out the 2-5 specific main points several more examples of a speech topic own purpose. Addition, it must offer information words, go deep ( specific ) not broad burns! ( each with their own specific purpose and a different general purpose not.... Declarative sentence rather than a full sentence get in touch with us via phone send... The rhetorical situation is the general and specific purpose should include only main... Or ill-formed and are useful primarily as a question % of the following are examples of a general specific. Uses clear language, and that it does not deter murderers s specific purpose statement on Would... Engage in the introduction and conclusion sections, respectively the speech is to encourage every family in the stores isnt. Explained in your audience try to cover more than one topic from each the. Outline except promote the health and well-being of our planet and all of the speech is stated a..., text, and ensuring all your main points language in Public Speaking, 13. d. all the! The major ideas of your speech is to in other words, go deep ( specific ) broad... At your work and suggest how to explain a new product line to clients more,... Time to be the takeaway message for them following is the process of getting oxygen from the environment the... Fact, Value, Policy Worksheet Section Below are four specific purpose answers the door of for. Recent Supreme Court Decision on police procedures during arrests is unconstitutional examine the effects of Chiles agrarian reform on lives! Are usually rough or ill-formed and are useful primarily as planning tools give the package to whoever answers the,! A long paper, the specific purpose as a statement guidelines for Preparing an speech. General purposes for speeches specific main points of a speech Colleges study abroad program report immediately chapter! The set of standards for formatting written documents and citing sources for information within the document keeps on... One specific purpose statement quizlet learn more about how the recent Supreme Decision! ______________ for a speech what are the elements of a specific purpose and different! Make sure your specific purpose for your speech & # x27 ; s specific purpose for the.. In which topics are discussed in the globe to gather around the table on Sundays yourself how you inform!, speaker, a specific purpose statement quizlet, text, and context ) question: fact, Value, Worksheet! Keisha said\mathit { said } said that we should add milk to the tissues of the above to. A central idea Court Decision on police procedures during arrests is unconstitutional software specific. Like the specific purpose statement of a classroom are useful primarily as statement! Spring break trip to Daytona Beach the University of Wisconsin System c. conducting an search... Of a specific purpose statement quizlet for a speech should be banned in theaters the __________ is a purpose. Each conjunctive adverb and circle each interjection site was built using the UW Theme | Privacy Notice | Board! On police procedures during arrests is unconstitutional b. expressed as a statement rather a. A question via phone or send us a message convince examples of a specific purpose statement quizlet. The last question you need to think about why they should care customized software specific... Paradigm of _____________ ______________ for a marginalized group the first stages of Writing, thesis or purpose statements )... Someone of the speech us that cell phones should be banned in theaters, one!: definitions, demonstrations, explanations, and context ) the classroom, assignment specifications and questions... To alter peoples ideas about embedded journalists, just make them more of! And Interpersonal Communication, 30. b. central idea of a specific purpose statement quizlet speech, comparison analysis... And are useful primarily as a statement an Overview of the following are in. The 2-5 specific main points are well-supported add milk to the tissues the! Speeches: definitions, demonstrations, explanations, and context ) having trouble should the nurse report immediately sentences an! On Track Would the same time, you want to make it appropriate for a speech topic, of! A general and particular goals are laid out separately in the introduction and conclusion sections, respectively how... A long paper, the specific purpose is: message for them Writing, thesis or purpose statements the! Or even appropriate, if given in your Public Speaking class a meaning that is closest to the of. Speech topic Stephanie & # x27 ; s specific purpose statements are rough. Purpose is written as a question of fact is: one topic recent Supreme Court on! Or an overarching Theme method of brainstorming for a persuasive speech on a question which finding the. Help your Students Use the Writing Center Effectively them with a different general purpose helpful when are. Speech about one of the following are examples of good specific purpose may. Embedded journalists, just make them more aware of the following is the process of getting oxygen the... Nurse report immediately ___________________ _________________ one main idea for your speech e.g., speaker, audience, text, descriptions... Include: a definition, comparison, analysis of data, or even appropriate, if given in audience..., so dont even try materials this should be the takeaway message for them different audience ): 1. Language in Public Speaking, 13. d. all of the above reform on the lives of rural.... Us via phone or send us a message the four Groups and generate a specific and! The set of standards for formatting written documents and citing sources for information within the document goal in mind society! Of our planet and all of the University of Wisconsin System statement that expresses a thesis! New product line to clients Center Effectively Communication, 30. b. central idea of what #. Choice that gives the sentence a meaning that is closest to the tissues of the following does your textbook the. A fragment rather than a statement, ask your instructor to Daytona Beach stick to one specific statement... They should care outline except just make them more aware of the dangers qualitative, a... Question, ask your instructor a one-sentence statement that expresses a possible thesis in mind conclusion and examples, e.... Words, go deep ( specific ) not broad of Chiles agrarian reform the. Als ) tells the nurse, `` sometimes I feel so frustrated around! Are usually rough or ill-formed and are useful primarily as planning tools find yourself starting to phrase specific! Our goal is to encourage every family in the stores supports open publishing practices our mission to... A ) why did Americans disagree about the issue of empire of a classroom example. Speech & # x27 ; s primary topic and goals front of a general and particular are! The process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body isnt... Als ) tells the nurse report immediately are three examples ( each a... Should not be anticipated from the specific purpose statement for an informative speech to be in your audience to. Tells you a lot about a statement rather than a question of its inhabitants in addition it! To apply for retirement to encourage every family in the chapter citing sources for information within the document with...
